Cognitive Training Interventions for Preventing Dementia in Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review Framework – PEODT

Abstract

Dementia represents a growing global health challenge, particularly among older adults. Non-pharmacological strategies, such as cognitive training, have emerged as potential interventions to prevent or delay its onset. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive training interventions in preventing or delaying the onset of dementia among older adults. Six peer-reviewed studies were included following a comprehensive search of academic databases. Each study was appraised using the CASP checklist, and findings were synthesised thematically. Two key themes emerged: (1) cognitive training improves cognitive functions, especially memory, executive function, and processing speed; and (2) multimodal interventions that combine cognitive training with physical activity and lifestyle modifications are more effective than cognitive training alone. The evidence supports cognitive training as a valuable tool for cognitive maintenance in older age, though results are enhanced when integrated with broader health strategies. Overall, cognitive training shows promise in delaying dementia onset, particularly when used early and holistically.